The most discriminating of the short-term tests was the tensile test using a waisted specimen, which, due to the geometry of the test specimen, ensures that failure occurs in the fused joint rather than the parent pipe. (W 3) (1)

Tensile test = Ensaio de tração

Ultrasonic inspection techniques were designed and implemented to detect the onset of cracking, size the cracks and monitor their growth during a fatigue test on a large full scale component used in the oil and gas industry. (W 25) (2)

Fatigue test = Ensaio de fadiga

Current nondestructive examination (NDE) techniques are not totally reliable for detecting root flaws. The only definitive method is a destructive bend test with the root in tension. (W 133) (3)

Bend test = Ensaio de dobramento

(1) Short-term And Long-term Mechanical Testing To Evaluate The Effect Of Flaws In Butt Fusion Joints In Polyethylene Pipes

Mike Troughton and Amir Khamsehnezhad 

TWI Ltd, Granta Park Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6AL, UK

Paper presented at the ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels & Piping Division Conference, PVP2016, July 17-21, 2016, Vancouver, BC, Canada

(2) Monitoring fatigue crack growth in subsea threaded components using ultrasonic phased array techniques

Channa Nageswaran, Alan Day and Kim Hayward (TWI Ltd)

TWI Member Publication. September 2013

(3) Friction stir welding of aluminium alloys

P L Threadgill1, A J Leonard2, H R Shercliff3 and P J Withers*4

1TWI, Granta Park, Great Abington CB21 6AL, UK

2BP International, Compass Point, 79-87 Kingston Rd, Staines, Middx TW18 1DY, UK

3Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK

4School of Materials, University of Manchester, Grosvenor Street, Manchester M1 7HS, UK

*Corresponding author, email philip.withers@man.ac.uk 

†Other terms have been used in the literature, namely ‘shear side’ and ‘flow side’, but these are ambiguous and have been discouraged.[4]

Paper presented at International Materials Reviews, vol.54. no.2. March 2009. pp. 49-93.